Question 1

Which of the following is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)   Spongy bone is located in the epiphysis of long bones and interior of all other bones.
B)   Compact bone is located in the diaphysis of long bones and thinner superficial surface of all other bones.
C)   Compact bone is located in the epiphysis of long bones and interior of all other bones.
D)   Lamellae are thin sheets of extracellular matrix in which bone is formed.
E)   An osteon is a central canal with concentric layers of lamellae and osteocytes surrounding it.F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 2

Which of these movements would be needed to bend over and touch your big toe?

Accepted Answer

A)   extension of arms
B)   extension of forearms
C)   flexion at the waist
D)   Both extension of forearms and flexion at the waist are needed.
E)   Both extension of arms and flexion at the waist are needed.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

__________ is bone inflammation that is usually due to a bacterial infection.

Accepted Answer

A)   Osteoporosis
B)   Osteomalacia
C)   Osteopetrosis
D)   Osteogenesis imperfecta
E)   OsteomyelitisHAPS Learning Outcome: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.HAPS Learning Outcome: F04.02 Compare and contrast intramembranous and endochondral (intracartilagenous)  bone formation.HAPS Learning Outcome: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling.HAPS Learning Outcome: F05.02 Explain the hormonal regulation of skeleton growth.HAPS Learning Outcome: F05.03 Explain the roles of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and calcitriol in bone remodeling and blood calcium regulation.HAPS Learning Outcome: F05.04 Contrast the remodeling processes of a child (birth to adolescence)  and an adult (middle to old age) .Learning Outcome: 06.03B Outline the processes of bone ossification, growth, remodeling,and repair.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

The extracellular matrix of cartilage may contain

Accepted Answer

A)   primarily collagen fibers.
B)   collagen fibers and minerals.
C)   collagen fibers, elastic fibers and proteoglycans.
D)   primarily elastic fibers.
E)   chondrocytes.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

Which of these statements about bone growth is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bone growth can occur beneath the periosteum or in the epiphyseal plate.
B)   Growth at the epiphyseal plate is responsible for the increase in length of long bones.
C)   Bone growth occurs primarily because osteoclasts start forming new bone.
D)   In the epiphyseal plate, dying chondrocytes are replaced by osteoblasts.
E)   All of these are correct statements.F) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

A long bone

Accepted Answer

A)   has a medullary cavity in the diaphysis.
B)   has red marrow and yellow marrow in its cavities.
C)   has endosteum lining the medullary cavity.
D)   has an epiphysis at each end.
E)   has all of these properties.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

The ______________ is (are)  the weight-bearing portion of vertebra.

Accepted Answer

A)   articular facets
B)   vertebral canal
C)   vertebral body
D)   spinous process
E)   intervertebral foraminaF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

Compact bone consists of cells called osteocytes located within spaces in the matrix called

Accepted Answer

A)   lamellae.
B)   haversian canals.
C)   canaliculi.
D)   lacunae.
E)   medullary cavities.F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

The extracellular matrix of bone does NOT include

Accepted Answer

A)   collagen fibers.
B)   elastic fibers.
C)   calcium.
D)   phosphate.
E)   Bone includes all of these in its extracellular matrix.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 10

A green-stick fracture is one specific example of

Accepted Answer

A)   a comminuted fracture.
B)   an impacted fracture.
C)   an incomplete fracture.
D)   a compound fracture.
E)   an oblique fracture.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

The anatomical term to describe a tunnel in bone is

Accepted Answer

A)   canal or meatus.
B)   fissure.
C)   fossa.
D)   sinus.
E)   foramen.F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

The interconnecting rods or plates of bone in spongy bone are called

Accepted Answer

A)   osteocytes.
B)   trabeculae.
C)   haversian canals.
D)   haversian systems.
E)   epiphyses.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 13

The _____________ is (are)  the opening(s)  through which nerves or blood vessels communicate with the orbit.

Accepted Answer

A)   mandibular fossa
B)   foramen magnum
C)   nasolacrimal canal
D)   optic foramen
E)   superior and inferior orbital fissuresF) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 14

Which of these bones does not contain a paranasal sinus?

Accepted Answer

A)   frontal
B)   parietal
C)   maxillary
D)   sphenoid
E)   ethmoidF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

The outer surface of bone is covered by a connective tissue layer called the

Accepted Answer

A)   lamellae.
B)   periosteum.
C)   endosteum.
D)   epiphysis.
E)   diaphysis.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

The ulna and radius are best classified as

Accepted Answer

A)   long bones.
B)   short bones.
C)   flat bones.
D)   irregular bones.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 17

Which of these statements concerning the appendicular styloid processes is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   A styloid process is located on the proximal end of the ulna.
B)   The styloid processes serve as points of attachment for forearm muscles.
C)   A styloid process is located on the head of the radius.
D)   The styloid processes are located on the radius and ulna where they articulate with the wrist.
E)   All of these are true statements.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

Bone remodeling:

Accepted Answer

A)   is essential for maintaining blood calcium levels
B)   continues throughout the lifespan of the individual
C)   is accomplished by the actions of the osteoclasts and osteoblasts
D)   is controlled by the actions of Parathyroid Hormone, and Calcitonin.
E)   All of these are true of bone remodeling.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 19

Which of the following pathways correctly follows the flow of nutrients needed by the osteocytes in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

A)   Osteocytes  →\rightarrow→  lacuna  →\rightarrow→  blood vessels in central canals  →\rightarrow→  diffusion through the canaliculi  →\rightarrow→  blood vessels in periosteum & endosteum  →\rightarrow→  general circulation
B)   Osteocytes  →\rightarrow→  lacuna  →\rightarrow→  diffusion through the canaliculi  →\rightarrow→  blood vessels in central canals  →\rightarrow→  blood vessels in periosteum & endosteum  →\rightarrow→  general circulation
C)   Blood vessels in central canals  →\rightarrow→  blood vessels in periosteum & endosteum  →\rightarrow→  diffusion through the canaliculi  →\rightarrow→  lucane  →\rightarrow→  osteocyte
D)   Blood vessels in periosteum & endosteum  →\rightarrow→  blood vessels in central canals  →\rightarrow→  diffusion through the canaliculi  →\rightarrow→  lacuna  →\rightarrow→  osteocyte
E)   Blood vessels in periosteum  →\rightarrow→  direct diffusion through the hard, ossified matrix  →\rightarrow→  osteocyte F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the following does not occur as you age?

Accepted Answer

A)   The bone matrix becomes more brittle due to the reduction in the collagen to mineral ratio.
B)   The total amount of matrix in bone decreases.
C)   Osteoclast activity outstrips osteoblast activity.
D)   There is a decreased likelihood of bone fractures.
E)   The production of synovial fluid decreases.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Exam 6: Skeletal System: Bones and Joints

Which of these statements about bone growth is NOT correct?

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Which of the following is INCORRECT?

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The ______________ is (are) the weight-bearing portion of vertebra.

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The _____________ is (are) the opening(s) through which nerves or blood vessels communicate with the orbit.

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Which of these statements concerning the appendicular styloid processes is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________ is bone inflammation that is usually due to a bacterial infection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A green-stick fracture is one specific example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these bones does not contain a paranasal sinus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The outer surface of bone is covered by a connective tissue layer called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compact bone consists of cells called osteocytes located within spaces in the matrix called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bone remodeling:

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The extracellular matrix of bone does NOT include

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Which of these movements would be needed to bend over and touch your big toe?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A long bone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The extracellular matrix of cartilage may contain

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The interconnecting rods or plates of bone in spongy bone are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not occur as you age?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following pathways correctly follows the flow of nutrients needed by the osteocytes in compact bone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The anatomical term to describe a tunnel in bone is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ulna and radius are best classified as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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