Question 1

The mesenteric arteries branch off the abdominal aorta,but the mesenteric veins do not connect directly to the vena cava.Why?

Accepted Answer

The mesenteric veins merge int...

Question 2

Brain blood flow autoregulation ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is less sensitive to pH than to a decreased oxygen level
B)  is controlled by cardiac centers in the pons
C)  is abolished when abnormally high CO2 levels persist
D)  causes constriction of cerebral blood vessels in response to a drop in systemic blood pressureE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Blood flow to the skin ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is not an important source of nutrients and oxygen for skin cells
B)  is controlled mainly by decreasing pH
C)  increases when environmental temperature rises
D)  increases when body temperature drops so that the skin does not freezeE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

The aorta receives the full force of blood exiting the heart during ventricular systole.Which of the following statements best describes the adaptive anatomy of the aorta?

Accepted Answer

A)  Smooth muscle is relatively thin in the aorta to increase lumen size and systemic blood flow.
B)  Elastic fibers are extensive in the tunica media of the aorta and dampen the pulse pressure generated by the heart.
C)  The aorta's tunica media is thick with dense regular connective tissue to withstand the blood's pressure.
D)  The tunica external of the aorta is nearly absent compared to other vessels.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

The ________ in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch detect increases in blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ in the carotid sinuses and...

Question 6

Arteries supplying the same territory are often merged with one another,forming arterial anastomoses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The pulmonary circulation does not directly serve the metabolic needs of body tissues.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A patient has an 80% blockage of his left anterior descending coronary artery.Describe what occurs in terms of myocardial oxygen supply and demand if his sympathetic nervous system is stimulated.

Accepted Answer

When the sympathetic nervous system is s...

Question 9

In general it is expected that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrostatic pressure will remain constant throughout the capillary bed
B)  osmotic pressure will be higher in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous end
C)  osmotic pressure will be lower in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous end
D)  osmotic pressure will remain relatively consistent throughout the capillary bedE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following is a type of circulatory shock?

Accepted Answer

A)  vascular,due to extreme vasodilation as a result of loss of vasomotor tone
B)  cardiogenic,which results from any defect in blood vessels
C)  circulatory,where blood volume is normal and constant
D)  hypovolemic,caused by increased blood volumeE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Select the correct statement about blood flow.

Accepted Answer

A)  It is relatively constant through all body organs.
B)  Blood flow through the entire vascular system is proportional to cardiac output.
C)  It is measured in mm Hg.
D)  It is greatest where resistance is highest.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Osmotic pressure is created by the presence in a fluid of small diffusible molecules that easily move through the capillary membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following statements is not true of the precapillary sphincters?

Accepted Answer

A)  They decrease the osmotic pressure in the thoroughfare channel.
B)  They increase or decrease rates of perfusion to the tissues served by the true capillaries.
C)  They allow blood to bypass the true capillaries that are fed by the metarteriole.
D)  They regulate the flow of blood to tissues served by the true capillaries.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

These capillaries may be lined with phagocytes that can extend their process into the plasma to catch "prey."

Accepted Answer

A)  fenestrations
B)  anastomoses
C)  thoroughfare channels
D)  sinusoidsE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

A patient with essential hypertension might have pressures of 200/120 mm Hg.This hypertensive state could result in all of the following changes except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased size of the heart muscle
B)  increased incidence of coronary artery disease
C)  increased work of the left ventricle
D)  increased damage to blood vessel endotheliumE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  capillaries
B)  arterioles
C)  veins
D)  arteriesE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following is the most significant source of blood flow resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)  blood viscosity
B)  blood vessel diameter
C)  total blood vessel length
D)  blood vessels typeE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

A)  Excess albumen transport protein production would decrease blood pressure.
B)  Excess red cell production would cause a blood pressure increase.
C)  An increase in cardiac output corresponds to a decrease in blood pressure,due to the increased delivery.
D)  Systemic vasodilation would increase blood pressure,due to diversion of blood to essential areas.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following blood pressure readings would be indicative of hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A)  140/90
B)  110/60
C)  120/80
D)  170/96E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the choices below does not explain why low capillary pressures are desirable?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low blood pressure is associated with longer life span than high blood pressure.
B)  Low capillary pressure reduces the load of drainage the lymphatic drainage must handle.
C)  Capillaries are fragile and high pressures would rupture them.
D)  Most capillaries are extremely permeable and thus even low pressures force solute-containing fluid out of the bloodstream.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Exam 19: The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

A patient has an 80% blockage of his left anterior descending coronary artery.Describe what occurs in terms of myocardial oxygen supply and demand if his sympathetic nervous system is stimulated.

Correct AnswerverifiedWhen the sympathetic nervous system is s...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is the most significant source of blood flow resistance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mesenteric arteries branch off the abdominal aorta,but the mesenteric veins do not connect directly to the vena cava.Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe mesenteric veins merge int...View AnswerShow Answer

In general it is expected that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a type of circulatory shock?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the correct statement about blood flow.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient with essential hypertension might have pressures of 200/120 mm Hg.This hypertensive state could result in all of the following changes except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pulmonary circulation does not directly serve the metabolic needs of body tissues.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The aorta receives the full force of blood exiting the heart during ventricular systole.Which of the following statements best describes the adaptive anatomy of the aorta?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

These capillaries may be lined with phagocytes that can extend their process into the plasma to catch "prey."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the choices below does not explain why low capillary pressures are desirable?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Arteries supplying the same territory are often merged with one another,forming arterial anastomoses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following blood pressure readings would be indicative of hypertension?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Osmotic pressure is created by the presence in a fluid of small diffusible molecules that easily move through the capillary membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is not true of the precapillary sphincters?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch detect increases in blood pressure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood flow to the skin ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Brain blood flow autoregulation ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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When the sympathetic nervous system is s...
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The mesenteric veins merge int...
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