Question 1

CSF contains high levels of complement and circulating antibodies to prevent infection of the brain and spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Patients with leprosy usually die from complications such as

Accepted Answer

A)   cardiac arrest.
B)   brain damage.
C)   tuberculosis.
D)   loss of nerve function.
E)   pneumonia.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

All of the following are acquired by ingestion EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   poliomyelitis.
B)   listeriosis.
C)   botulism.
D)   cryptococcosis.
E)   Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 4

Each of the following is caused by prions EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   bovine spongiform encephalopathy.
B)   Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
C)   kuru.
D)   rabies.
E)   sheep scrapie.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Encephalitis is more common in the summer months because

Accepted Answer

A)   ticks are encountered while hiking in the woods.
B)   people encounter more bats during warm summer evenings.
C)   pathogens are present in swimming pools and lakes.
D)   ameba populations increase in swimming pools.
E)   mosquito populations increase.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

A one-year-old boy was listless, irritable, and sleepy. Capsulated Gram -negative rods were cultured from his cerebrospinal fluid. His symptoms were caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   a prion.
B)   rabies.
C)   Clostridium tetani.
D)   Neisseria meningitidis.
E)   Haemophilus influenzae.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Bacterial encephalitis and meningitis are difficult to treat because

Accepted Answer

A)   antibiotics damage nervous tissue.
B)   many antibiotics cannot penetrate the blood-brain barrier.
C)   no medications exist for treatment of these infections.
D)   it is very difficult to determine the causative microbe.
E)   the infections move along peripheral nerves.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

Botulism and tetanus are caused by bacterial endospores commonly found in the soil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Diagnosis of rabies is confirmed by

Accepted Answer

A)   passive agglutination.
B)   Gram stain.
C)   patientʹs symptoms.
D)   patientʹs death.
E)   direct fluorescent-antibody test.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following statements about leprosy is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Patients with leprosy must be isolated.
B)   The etiologic agent is acid-fast.
C)   It is transmitted by direct contact.
D)   It is rarely fatal.
E)   Diagnosis is based on skin biopsy.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

Poliomyelitis is caused by a virus and usually leads to paralysis in those affected.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

All of the following organisms cause meningitis EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   Haemophilus influenzae.
B)   Cryptococcus neoformans.
C)   Mycobacterium leprae.
D)   Streptococcus pneumoniae.
E)   Neisseria meningitidis.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E) C

Question 13

Which of the following is treated with antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

A)   polio
B)   tetanus
C)   botulism
D)   streptococcal pneumonia
E)   All of these diseases can be successfully treated with antibiotics.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above D

Question 14

Which of the following statements about Neisseria meningitis is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   A healthy carrier state can exist.
B)   It is typically transmitted by droplet aerosols or direct contact with secretions.
C)   It is a gram-positive anaerobe.
D)   Its most distinguishing feature is a unique rash.
E)   It is encapsulated.F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 15

All of the following are true of M. leprae EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   it has a very short generation time of approximately twelve hours.
B)   it can be cultured in armadillos.
C)   it invades cells of the PNS.
D)   it survives ingestion by macrophages.
E)   it grows best at temperatures below 37° C.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   rabies - direct contact
B)   meningococcal meningitis - respiratory route
C)   listeriosis - ingestion
D)   leprosy - direct contact
E)   poliomyelitis - respiratory routeF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

The most common route of central nervous system invasion by pathogens is through

Accepted Answer

A)   the gastrointestinal system.
B)   the skin.
C)   the parenteral route.
D)   direct penetration into nerves.
E)   the circulatory system.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

All of the following are associated with botulism outbreaks EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   endospores of C. botulinum have been recovered from honey.
B)   antibodies are not an effective method of treatment.
C)   type A toxin is most virulent.
D)   type E toxin is associated with seafood.
E)   Alaskan natives have the lowest rate of botulism in the world.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B) E

Question 19

Arboviruses cause and are transmitted by .

Accepted Answer

A)   both meningitis and encephalitis; mosquitoes
B)   meningitis; bee stings
C)   meningitis; mosquitoes
D)   encephalitis; mosquitoes
E)   encephalitis; dog bitesF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

The most common host of the virus causing eastern equine encephalitis is horses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 22: Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

CSF contains high levels of complement and circulating antibodies to prevent infection of the brain and spinal cord.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Patients with leprosy usually die from complications such as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are acquired by ingestion EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following is caused by prions EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Encephalitis is more common in the summer months because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A one-year-old boy was listless, irritable, and sleepy. Capsulated Gram -negative rods were cultured from his cerebrospinal fluid. His symptoms were caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacterial encephalitis and meningitis are difficult to treat because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Botulism and tetanus are caused by bacterial endospores commonly found in the soil.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diagnosis of rabies is confirmed by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about leprosy is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Poliomyelitis is caused by a virus and usually leads to paralysis in those affected.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following organisms cause meningitis EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of the following is treated with antibiotics?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which of the following statements about Neisseria meningitis is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are true of M. leprae EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most common route of central nervous system invasion by pathogens is through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are associated with botulism outbreaks EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Arboviruses cause and are transmitted by .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most common host of the virus causing eastern equine encephalitis is horses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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D

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E

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