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As a result of an increase in the enforcement of illegal immigration laws, the demand for labor will ________, the supply of labor will ________, and the real wage will ________.


A) remain the same; decrease; increase
B) increase; decrease; remain the same
C) remain the same; increase; decrease
D) decrease; increase; remain the same

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Suppose bad weather in Florida unexpectedly results in a much smaller citrus crop than had been projected. This would cause the ________ labor to pick citrus fruit in Florida to ________.


A) demand for; increase
B) demand for; decrease
C) supply of; increase
D) supply of; decrease

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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If the real wage rises,


A) the marginal cost of labor falls.
B) firms will hire additional labor.
C) the marginal benefit of the worker increases.
D) firms will hire less labor.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Increases in the real wage will lead workers to supply more hours of labor.

A) True
B) False

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Real business cycle theory emphasizes that shocks to technology can play a big part in causing economic fluctuations.

A) True
B) False

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Suppose bad weather in Florida unexpectedly results in a much smaller citrus crop than had been projected. The reduction in the supply of Florida citrus fruit would tend to


A) increase the supply of California citrus fruit.
B) decrease the price of California citrus fruit.
C) increase the price of Florida citrus fruit.
D) shift the supply curve for Florida citrus fruit down and to the right.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following factors is likely to increase the amount of available labor and decrease the real wages of workers?


A) consumers demanding more goods
B) a large number of factory closings
C) a high influx of immigration
D) in increase in the supply of capital stock

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Recall the Application about European soccer stars choosing to play for clubs in countries with lower tax rates to reduce their taxes to answer the following question(s) . A study conducted by economists Henrik Jacobsen Kleven, Camille Landais,and Emmanuel Saez found that top tax rates and tax breaks do matter when soccer stars choose where to locate. -Recall the Application. If country A has a lower overall income tax rate than country B, and labor can freely and easily move between the two countries, real wages in country A will tend to ________ and employment in country A will tend to ________.


A) increase; increase
B) decrease; increase
C) increase; decrease
D) decrease; decrease

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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If there was a positive technological shock which increased the demand for labor, then


A) GDP would increase.
B) GDP would decrease.
C) imports would increase.
D) imports would decrease.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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What two factors need to increase in order to increase potential output in an economy?

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supply of ...

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If the demand for labor ________, real wages fall and the amount of labor employed ________.


A) increases; increases
B) increases; decreases
C) decreases; increases
D) decreases; decreases

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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In practice, increases in government spending in an open economy can crowd out


A) consumption.
B) investment.
C) net exports.
D) all of the above

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Recall the Application about the level of real wages for laborers in England from 1350 to 1550 to answer the following question(s) . In 1348, the bubonic plague, also known as the Black Death, arrived in England from Asia and caused a long decline in total population through the 1450s. -According to this Application, the decline in population caused by the Black Death resulted in ________ real wages and ________ total output.


A) higher; less
B) higher; more
C) lower; less
D) lower; more

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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A decrease in the supply of labor will ________ real wages and ________ employment.


A) increase; increase
B) increase; decrease
C) decrease; increase
D) decrease; decrease

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Explain the difference between nominal wages and real wages.

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Nominal wages are the actual w...

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If a change in government spending causes "crowding in" in an open economy, which of the following might increase in addition to consumption and investments?


A) unemployment
B) net exports
C) stock of capital
D) supply and demand

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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The level of output produced when the labor market is in equilibrium is called


A) natural output.
B) product market equilibrium output.
C) potential output.
D) global production output.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Suppose that a new tax on hiring labor is imposed. The demand for labor will ________, and as a result real wages will ________ and employment will ________.


A) increase; increase; decrease
B) decrease; decrease; decrease
C) increase; decrease; increase
D) increase; increase; increase

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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The downward sloping labor demand curve demonstrates that as the ________ increases the ________ decreases.


A) real wage; amount of labor supplied
B) real wage; amount of labor hired
C) nominal wage; amount of labor supplied
D) nominal wage; amount of labor hired

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Suppose bad weather in Florida unexpectedly results in a much smaller citrus crop than had been projected. This would tend to cause the labor supply curve for citrus pickers to


A) shift to the right, causing the labor demand curve to shift to the right.
B) shift to the left, causing the labor demand curve to shift to the left.
C) remain unchanged, and the wage rate would tend to increase.
D) remain unchanged, and the wage rate would tend to decrease.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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