Question 1

A psychologist working in which psychological specialty might explore how a person is able to recognize someone's voice over the telephone by interpreting pitch?

Accepted Answer

A)   personality
B)   comparative
C)   learning
D)   sensation and perceptionE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

In a drug study if your participants are blind as to the hypothesis under investigation and whether they received the real drug or the placebo, then the participants

Accepted Answer

A)   have been randomly assigned.
B)   have been randomly selected.
C)   will have the same expectations.
D)   will have differing expectations.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 3

A teacher asks the school psychologist to observe her class through the two-way mirror and determine why the class disruptions are occurring.Just as the psychologist is walking into the room off to the side of the classroom to observe, the teacher assistant tells the psychologist, "Pay close attention to Claire and Robert over there by the maps.I think they are the real troublemakers in the class." After this encounter, the school psychologist will have to struggle with the

Accepted Answer

A)   observer effect.
B)   observer bias.
C)   placebo effect.
D)   anthropomorphic error.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Lindsay's friend answered a magazine ad that claimed that her personality could be analyzed by a computer using her birth sign.She tells Lindsay that her computer-generated profile was very accurate and that Lindsay should send in her money and her birthdate to the company.Lindsay should

Accepted Answer

A)   write the company and request the names of satisfied customers in her area.
B)   find a good graphologist instead.
C)   know that good astrological readings cannot be done by computers.
D)   consider that her friend may have been fooled due to uncritical acceptance and the confirmation bias.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

The deliberate picking of evidence and arguments to support one's own beliefs while ignoring contradictory evidence or arguments is sometimes referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   being "blind as a bat."
B)   ​"barking up the wrong tree."
C)   ​"cherry picking."
D)   settling for "fool's gold."E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Cultural differences, age, ethnicity, gender, religion, disability, and sexual orientation all affect the unspoken rules for acceptable and expected behavior called

Accepted Answer

A)   social norms.
B)   cultural laws.
C)   universal norms.
D)   cultural relational behaviors.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

A teacher wants to find out if a problem-based history program is superior to the regular history curriculum being used.The motivation and intelligence of the students participating in the new and the regular history programs would be considered the __________ variables.

Accepted Answer

A)   independent
B)   dependent
C)   extraneous
D)   controlE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 8

With its emphasis on stimuli and responses, which school of thought helped make psychology a natural science, rather than a branch of philosophy?

Accepted Answer

A)   behaviorism
B)   Gestalt psychology
C)   humanistic psychology
D)   psychoanalysisE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 9

When people read their horoscopes, they often believe these flattering descriptions of themselves, a tendency referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   the Barnum effect.
B)   astrologer's dilemma.
C)   the confirmation bias.
D)   uncritical acceptance.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 10

Which school of thought in psychology is known for developing the proper use of reward, punishment, and conditioning to change problems?

Accepted Answer

A)   behaviorism
B)   Gestalt psychology
C)   humanistic psychology
D)   psychoanalysisE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

APA professional codes stress all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   high levels of competence, integrity, and responsibility.
B)   maintaining confidentiality.
C)   protection of the client's welfare.
D)   a ban on advertising.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

A correlational coefficient is best characterized as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   measure of the extent of the relationship between two existing traits, behaviors, or events.
B)   index of the causal direction between an independent and dependent variable.
C)   indication of the likelihood that an experimental finding will be replicated by others.
D)   measure of the likelihood that observed differences may be attributed to chance.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Correlations allow us to

Accepted Answer

A)   control behavior.
B)   explain behavior.
C)   predict behavior.
D)   establish causal relationships.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 14

To equalize the intelligence of members of the experimental and control group in an experiment, you could use

Accepted Answer

A)   extraneous control.
B)   random assignment.
C)   independent control.
D)   subject replication.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Regarding psychologists and the field of psychology, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Today, psychology is both a science and a profession.
B)   The word psychology is thousands of years old and comes from ancient Greek roots for mind and study.
C)   Psychologists apply psychological principles to solve problems in fields, such as business, sports, law, and the design of machines.
D)   All of these statements are true.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 16

The American scholar known as the founder of functionalism was

Accepted Answer

A)   William James.
B)   B.F.Skinner.
C)   Carl Rogers.
D)   Erik Erikson.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following is a term used by the early psychologists that describes what is now called the cognitive unconscious?​

Accepted Answer

A)   ​preconscious
B)   ​imageless thought
C)   ​action potential
D)   ​divergent thinkingE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 18

By selecting a representative sample and polling them, we can draw conclusions about the larger group called the population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Two research studies are conducted on the effects of body piercing on self-esteem.One study found that body piercing increased self-esteem, while the other one found a decrease in self-esteem.If you are a critical thinker, you would

Accepted Answer

A)   reject both studies since conflicting results were obtained.
B)   compare the credentials of the psychologists that conducted the studies.
C)   compare how each study was conducted.
D)   accept the one that best fits within your frame of reference.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Since accidents, such as gunshot wounds, or natural events, such as disasters, can provide psychological data, case studies, such as these, may sometimes be thought of as

Accepted Answer

A)   field experiments.
B)   meta-analyses.
C)   natural clinical tests.
D)   naturalistic observations.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Exam 1: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Which of the following is a term used by the early psychologists that describes what is now called the cognitive unconscious?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The American scholar known as the founder of functionalism was

Correct Answer
verified

A correlational coefficient is best characterized as a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Regarding psychologists and the field of psychology, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Correct Answer
verified

When people read their horoscopes, they often believe these flattering descriptions of themselves, a tendency referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

Lindsay's friend answered a magazine ad that claimed that her personality could be analyzed by a computer using her birth sign.She tells Lindsay that her computer-generated profile was very accurate and that Lindsay should send in her money and her birthdate to the company.Lindsay should

Correct Answer
verified

By selecting a representative sample and polling them, we can draw conclusions about the larger group called the population.

Correct Answer
verified

Cultural differences, age, ethnicity, gender, religion, disability, and sexual orientation all affect the unspoken rules for acceptable and expected behavior called

Correct Answer
verified

Since accidents, such as gunshot wounds, or natural events, such as disasters, can provide psychological data, case studies, such as these, may sometimes be thought of as

Correct Answer
verified

Correlations allow us to

Correct Answer
verified

APA professional codes stress all of the following EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

The deliberate picking of evidence and arguments to support one's own beliefs while ignoring contradictory evidence or arguments is sometimes referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

Which school of thought in psychology is known for developing the proper use of reward, punishment, and conditioning to change problems?

Correct Answer
verified

A psychologist working in which psychological specialty might explore how a person is able to recognize someone's voice over the telephone by interpreting pitch?

Correct Answer
verified

With its emphasis on stimuli and responses, which school of thought helped make psychology a natural science, rather than a branch of philosophy?

Correct Answer
verified

In a drug study if your participants are blind as to the hypothesis under investigation and whether they received the real drug or the placebo, then the participants

Correct Answer
verified

A teacher wants to find out if a problem-based history program is superior to the regular history curriculum being used.The motivation and intelligence of the students participating in the new and the regular history programs would be considered the __________ variables.

Correct Answer
verified

To equalize the intelligence of members of the experimental and control group in an experiment, you could use

Correct Answer
verified

Two research studies are conducted on the effects of body piercing on self-esteem.One study found that body piercing increased self-esteem, while the other one found a decrease in self-esteem.If you are a critical thinker, you would

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 1: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Which of the following is a term used by the early psychologists that describes what is now called the cognitive unconscious?​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The American scholar known as the founder of functionalism was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A correlational coefficient is best characterized as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding psychologists and the field of psychology, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people read their horoscopes, they often believe these flattering descriptions of themselves, a tendency referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lindsay's friend answered a magazine ad that claimed that her personality could be analyzed by a computer using her birth sign.She tells Lindsay that her computer-generated profile was very accurate and that Lindsay should send in her money and her birthdate to the company.Lindsay should

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By selecting a representative sample and polling them, we can draw conclusions about the larger group called the population.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cultural differences, age, ethnicity, gender, religion, disability, and sexual orientation all affect the unspoken rules for acceptable and expected behavior called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Since accidents, such as gunshot wounds, or natural events, such as disasters, can provide psychological data, case studies, such as these, may sometimes be thought of as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correlations allow us to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

APA professional codes stress all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The deliberate picking of evidence and arguments to support one's own beliefs while ignoring contradictory evidence or arguments is sometimes referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which school of thought in psychology is known for developing the proper use of reward, punishment, and conditioning to change problems?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A psychologist working in which psychological specialty might explore how a person is able to recognize someone's voice over the telephone by interpreting pitch?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With its emphasis on stimuli and responses, which school of thought helped make psychology a natural science, rather than a branch of philosophy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a drug study if your participants are blind as to the hypothesis under investigation and whether they received the real drug or the placebo, then the participants

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A teacher wants to find out if a problem-based history program is superior to the regular history curriculum being used.The motivation and intelligence of the students participating in the new and the regular history programs would be considered the __________ variables.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To equalize the intelligence of members of the experimental and control group in an experiment, you could use

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two research studies are conducted on the effects of body piercing on self-esteem.One study found that body piercing increased self-esteem, while the other one found a decrease in self-esteem.If you are a critical thinker, you would

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a term used by the early psychologists that describes what is now called the cognitive unconscious?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified