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Individuals who are cunning and manipulative pathological liars would be unlikely to respond truthfully on a self-report measure of personality.Hare's PCL-R is an instrument that measures the characteristics of psychopathy.What does Hare's PCL-R use?


A) behavioural observation in the person's natural environment
B) interviews with the client along with material from institutional files and people close to the person
C) projective tests to tap into unconscious processes
D) lie detector equipment along with a verbal form of the personality test

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The calculation of an IQ, previously done by using a child's mental age, is now done by using a deviation IQ.What is the child's score now compared to?


A) the scores of others who took the test at the same time
B) the scores of others in the same grade
C) the scores of others with the same level of intelligence
D) the scores of others of the same age

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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How do semistructured interviews differ from unstructured interviews?


A) In the semistructured format, clinicians develop their own methods of collecting necessary information; in the unstructured interview the clinician does not develop their own method of collecting unnecessary information.
B) In the semistructured format, clinicians try to keep the client from straying from specific issues identified by the therapist as essential; in the unstructured interview these rules are not in place.
C) In the semistructured format, clinicians rely on the organizational structure of a mental status exam; in the unstructured interview they do not use mental status exams.
D) In the semistructured format, clinicians use questions that have been tested to elicit useful information in a consistent manner; in the unstructured interview they do not.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Determining mood and affect is an important part of the mental status exam.Although both terms refer to feeling states of the individual, how does mood differ from affect?


A) Mood is more changeable than affect.
B) Mood is more frequent than affect.
C) Mood is more pervasive than affect.
D) Mood is more severe than affect.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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When an individual describes what they see in the ambiguous stimuli of the Rorschach test, what is assumed to be revealed?


A) the person's preconscious thoughts
B) the person's unconscious thoughts
C) the person's conscious thoughts
D) the person's subconscious thoughts

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Describe the concepts of reliability and validity.Why are the reliability and the validity of an assessment procedure important?

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Reliability and validity are two importa...

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What has the "reactivity phenomenon" of self-monitoring procedures been shown to do?


A) increase desired behaviours
B) decrease undesired behaviours
C) increase emotional responses to external stressors
D) both increase desired behaviours and decrease undesired behaviours

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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As part of a psychological assessment, a mental status exam is used to find out how a person thinks, feels, and behaves.However, what is the primary purpose of a mental status exam?


A) to determine what type of treatment should be used
B) to determine if a psychological disorder might be present
C) to determine whether the individual also has a medical condition
D) to determine which medication would be most effective

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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What is the main difference between neuropsychological tests and neuroimaging techniques?


A) Neuropsychological tests help identify the location of the brain dysfunction, whereas neuroimaging shows us the structure and functioning of the brain.
B) Neuropsychological tests help identify the structure and functioning of the brain, whereas neuroimaging shows us the location of the brain dysfunction.
C) Neuropsychological tests help identify the nature of the brain dysfunction, whereas neuroimaging shows us the reasons for the brain dysfunction.
D) Neuropsychological tests help identify patterns of dysfunctional cognitions, whereas neuroimaging shows us the structure of dysfunctional cognitions.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Which technique would be appropriate if you wished to look for possible cognitive impairments in a client?


A) MMPI
B) PET scan
C) WAIS-IV
D) a projective test

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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In contrast to projective tests, personality inventories such as the MMPI are based on the collection and evaluation of data.What type of approach is this?


A) an analytic approach
B) a predictive approach
C) an empirical approach
D) a descriptive approach

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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