Question 1

Which one of the following statements accurately describes hydrolysis reactions in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydrolysis reactions enable the breakdown of food molecules during digestion.
B)   Hydrolysis reactions enable small molecules to be joined to form larger molecules.
C)   Hydrolysis reactions generally require substantial input of energy.
D)   Hydrolysis reactions are spontaneous and don't require catalysis by enzymes.
E)   Hydrolysis reactions generally occur for the purpose of energy storage.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 2

All things on Earth are made up of ________, which is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space.

Accepted Answer

matter

Question 3

Use the letters from the figure below to answer the following questions.
 
-Isotopes of this element would differ in the number of ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the letters from the figure below...

Question 4

Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding the structure of the atom?

Accepted Answer

A)   The nucleus is composed of equal numbers of positively charged particles and negatively charged particles.
B)   All electrons are located at the same distance from the nucleus.
C)   In small elements, such as carbon, electrons have a positive charge; in larger elements, such as barium, electrons have a negative charge.
D)   Most of the mass of an atom is due to its protons and neutrons.
E)   Neutrons carry a negative charge.F) C) and E)
G) A) and D) D

Question 5

In order for a cell to produce a fat, it must have one molecule of ________ and three ________.

Accepted Answer

glycerol, ...

Question 6

Which one of the following is TRUE regarding nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

A)   There are three different DNA nucleotides.
B)   DNA nucleotides are assembled into RNA by the process of dehydration synthesis.
C)   DNA nucleotides contain deoxyribose; RNA nucleotides contain sucrose.
D)   Nucleotides are bonded together by covalent bonds between the sugars and the phosphates.
E)   A DNA nucleotide could be made up of ribose, a phosphate, and cytosine.F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

The universal energy source for cells is a nucleotide known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The universal energy source for cells is...

Question 8

Each of the following statements about carbon is TRUE EXCEPT which one?

Accepted Answer

A)   All organic molecules contain carbon.
B)   Carbon atoms form four covalent bonds.
C)   Carbon atoms form diverse molecules that may be linear, branched, or circular.
D)   Carbon can form strong hydrogen bonds with other elements.
E)   Carbon can form bonds with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, as well as another carbon atom.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

Which one of the following statements CORRECTLY describes the relationship between an atom and an element?

Accepted Answer

A)   An element is the fundamental unit of an atom.
B)   An element is composed of atoms that are joined together by ionic and covalent bonds.
C)   An atom is composed of different elements that are joined together by ionic and covalent bonds.
D)   An atom is the smallest unit of an element that demonstrates all of the properties of that element.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Which one of the following is a function of a protein?

Accepted Answer

A)   stores genetic material and enables its transmission to the next generation
B)   acts as a catalyst, speeding up chemical reactions
C)   is a major subunit of cellulose
D)   is a primary structural component of a cell membrane
E)   provides energy for a muscle contractionF) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 11

The normal pH of human blood falls within a range that is near a(n) ________ pH.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The normal pH of human blood falls...

Question 12

Which one of the following is an oligosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A)   glucose
B)   DNA
C)   maltose
D)   starch
E)   riboseF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

A mad scientist has ripped apart an atom and collected all the subatomic particles located in the nucleus of the atom. Which one of the following has he collected?

Accepted Answer

A)   electrons
B)   protons
C)   protons and neutrons
D)   electrons and protons
E)   neutrons and electronsF) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 14

Chlorine has an atomic number of 17 and an atomic mass of 35. Therefore, chlorine has ________ electrons and ________ neutrons.

Accepted Answer

A)   17, 18
B)   18, 17
C)   17, 35
D)   35, 17
E)   18, 18F) B) and C)
G) C) and D) A

Question 15

Each amino acid is composed of a central carbon that forms covalent bonds with four other atoms/molecules. These atoms/molecules include each of the following EXCEPT which one?

Accepted Answer

A)   an R group
B)   an A group
C)   an amino group
D)   a hydrogen atom
E)   a carboxyl groupF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Which one of the following occurs when a phosphate is removed from an ATP molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)   Energy is added to the ATP molecule to form ADP.
B)   Oxygen produced in the reaction causes the molecule to explode.
C)   Energy is released for cell work.
D)   Chemical reactions stop in a cell due to lack of an energy source.
E)   Fat is converted to protein.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

________ bonds hold the hydrogens to the oxygen within a water molecule, and ________ bonds attract one water molecule to other water molecules.

Accepted Answer

A)   Ionic, hydrogen
B)   Hydrogen, ionic
C)   Hydrogen, covalent
D)   Covalent, hydrogen
E)   Ionic, covalentF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

Large organic molecules that are composed of thousands of smaller molecules bonded to one another are known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Large organic molecules that are composed of...

Question 19

A substance that helps to maintain a stable pH is a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A substance that helps to maintain a...

Question 20

If the number of protons in an atom equals the number of electrons in the atom, the atom is an ion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 2: The Chemistry of Living Things

Which one of the following statements accurately describes hydrolysis reactions in biological systems?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All things on Earth are made up of ________, which is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space.

Correct Answerverifiedmatter

Use the letters from the figure below to answer the following questions. -Isotopes of this element would differ in the number of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding the structure of the atom?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

In order for a cell to produce a fat, it must have one molecule of ________ and three ________.

Correct Answerverifiedglycerol, ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which one of the following is TRUE regarding nucleotides?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The universal energy source for cells is a nucleotide known as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following statements about carbon is TRUE EXCEPT which one?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements CORRECTLY describes the relationship between an atom and an element?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is a function of a protein?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The normal pH of human blood falls within a range that is near a(n) ________ pH.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is an oligosaccharide?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mad scientist has ripped apart an atom and collected all the subatomic particles located in the nucleus of the atom. Which one of the following has he collected?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chlorine has an atomic number of 17 and an atomic mass of 35. Therefore, chlorine has ________ electrons and ________ neutrons.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Each amino acid is composed of a central carbon that forms covalent bonds with four other atoms/molecules. These atoms/molecules include each of the following EXCEPT which one?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following occurs when a phosphate is removed from an ATP molecule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ bonds hold the hydrogens to the oxygen within a water molecule, and ________ bonds attract one water molecule to other water molecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Large organic molecules that are composed of thousands of smaller molecules bonded to one another are known as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A substance that helps to maintain a stable pH is a(n) ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the number of protons in an atom equals the number of electrons in the atom, the atom is an ion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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matter

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D

In order for a cell to produce a fat, it must have one molecule of and three .

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glycerol, ...
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Chlorine has an atomic number of 17 and an atomic mass of 35. Therefore, chlorine has electrons and neutrons.

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A

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bonds hold the hydrogens to the oxygen within a water molecule, and bonds attract one water molecule to other water molecules.

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