Question 1

Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya are the three biological domains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

____________________ is the science of naming and classifying organisms within the Linnaean hierarchy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is the science of naming and...

Question 3

The status of viruses has been controversial but most biologists now agree that the most appropriate description for a virus is a microscopic, ____________________ infective particle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The status of viruses has been controversial...

Question 4

Based on the evolutionary tree shown below, which of the following are thought to be most closely related?

Accepted Answer

A)  an oak tree and a squirrel
B)  a mushroom and a cactus
C)  a honeybee and a clover plant
D)  a clam and a mushroomE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following statements about modern classification is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Systematic studies have revealed so many errors within the Linnaean hierarchy that it is no longer considered useful.
B)  The number of taxa in the Linnaean hierarchy has been determined subjectively; it represents a human understanding of natural processes.
C)  A complete evolutionary lineage includes all the descendants of a single common ancestor.
D)  Many scientists are reluctant to accept classification information from newer technologies like DNA analysis.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Any two groups of organisms will have

Accepted Answer

A)  2 most recent common ancestors.
B)  no more than 4 most recent common ancestors.
C)  only 1 most recent common ancestor.
D)  as many as 16 most recent common ancestors.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Evolutionary tree diagrams representing the relationships between various organisms can be drawn only when those organisms share a

Accepted Answer

A)  common cellular metabolism.
B)  distinct lineage.
C)  common cellular organization.
D)  common ancestor.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Descendant organisms

Accepted Answer

A)  do not share any features with their descendants.
B)  have all the same features as their descendants.
C)  share some features with their ancestors.
D)  do not have features their ancestors lacked.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

When success is defined as the greatest number of living individuals, Earth's most successful inhabitants are the

Accepted Answer

A)  vertebrates and birds.
B)  fungi and animals.
C)  bacteria and archaea.
D)  plants and animals.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 10

In order to determine relationships among different organisms scientists would examine

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA.
B)  behavior.
C)  body structures.
D)  all of the aboveE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

All of the following sources of information except _____ can be used to construct evolutionary trees.

Accepted Answer

A)  habitat preferences
B)  body form
C)  instinctive behavior
D)  learned behaviorsE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Examine the evolutionary tree pictured below. 
In this evolutionary tree, which number represents the most recent common ancestor of A, B, and C?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  2
C)  3
D)  4E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Evolutionary trees are based on

Accepted Answer

A)  the principle of convergent evolution.
B)  a set of shared characteristics believed to have arisen in a common ancestor.
C)  similarities in the function of a characteristic or trait.
D)  consensus among biologists regarding the usefulness of particular traits.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Canis latrans is the scientific name for the coyote. The term Canis represents the coyotes'

Accepted Answer

A)  genus.
B)  kingdom.
C)  order.
D)  species.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

In addition to the Bacteria, which other kingdom is comprised exclusively of prokaryotic organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Archaea
B)  Fungi
C)  Protista
D)  PlantaeE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Using the simplest methods to study the composition of intestinal microbial flora, it is necessary to collect a ____________________ sample from the subject.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using the simplest methods to study the...

Question 17

The photograph below shows Sulfolubus, an archaean that lives in environments with very high temperatures. 
What hypothesis can explain the extreme habitats of the archaeans?

Accepted Answer

A)  They came to Earth from other planets, where harsher conditions prevail.
B)  They would be more widespread, but are unable to successfully compete with bacteria and now occupy habitats where bacteria cannot live.
C)  Archaeans evolved when Earth was much less hospitable, and are now relegated to those habitats most similar to early Earth.
D)  Numerous food resources are available and unexploited in Earth's extreme habitats.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

The chemical composition of ancient sediments suggests that oxygen was essentially absent from the atmosphere of the early Earth; how can its abundance in today's atmosphere be explained?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sunlight split water molecules apart, a process that produced oxygen gas.
B)  Volcanic activity released oxygen that had been trapped beneath the Earth's surface.
C)  Cyanobacteria and some eukaryotes produced oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis.
D)  Chemical erosion of the Earth's surface released oxygen initially bound in surface rocks.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

The organisms found living inside boiling-hot geysers can be described as thermophiles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Taxonomy is the subdiscipline in biology that classifies living organisms; at the present time

Accepted Answer

A)  all living organisms have been discovered, named, and their relationships to other organisms described.
B)  humans have just finished a complete count of the number of species on Earth.
C)  the diversity of organisms on Earth is not completely known and estimates of the number of unknown species vary 10-fold.
D)  there is no consensus regarding the appropriate classification strategy for the currently known organisms.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Exam 2: Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Descendant organisms

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following sources of information except _____ can be used to construct evolutionary trees.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Using the simplest methods to study the composition of intestinal microbial flora, it is necessary to collect a ____________________ sample from the subject.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The photograph below shows Sulfolubus, an archaean that lives in environments with very high temperatures. What hypothesis can explain the extreme habitats of the archaeans?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In addition to the Bacteria, which other kingdom is comprised exclusively of prokaryotic organisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____________________ is the science of naming and classifying organisms within the Linnaean hierarchy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary trees are based on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemical composition of ancient sediments suggests that oxygen was essentially absent from the atmosphere of the early Earth; how can its abundance in today's atmosphere be explained?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Examine the evolutionary tree pictured below. In this evolutionary tree, which number represents the most recent common ancestor of A, B, and C?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about modern classification is not correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on the evolutionary tree shown below, which of the following are thought to be most closely related?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Canis latrans is the scientific name for the coyote. The term Canis represents the coyotes'

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Taxonomy is the subdiscipline in biology that classifies living organisms; at the present time

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When success is defined as the greatest number of living individuals, Earth's most successful inhabitants are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Any two groups of organisms will have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The status of viruses has been controversial but most biologists now agree that the most appropriate description for a virus is a microscopic, ____________________ infective particle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary tree diagrams representing the relationships between various organisms can be drawn only when those organisms share a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The organisms found living inside boiling-hot geysers can be described as thermophiles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to determine relationships among different organisms scientists would examine

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya are the three biological domains.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified