Question 1

The first amino acid incorporated into proteins ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  can be any of the 20 standard amino acids
B)  is an N-formylmethionine in E.coli and methionine in other organisms
C)  is always inosinate
D)  is an amidated methionine residue that is cleaved following termination of translationE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

The deaminoacylated tRNA leaves the ribosome as the growing polypeptide passes through the tunnel of the large ribosomal subunit from the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  30S or 40S subunit
B)  protein factors
C)  E site
D)  P siteE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Ribosomal protein synthesis is controlled by inhibitor proteins,the genes of which are located on the ribosomal protein operon,and which bind to ________ when ribosome assembly slows and bind to ________ when ribosome assembly is proceeding at a steady rate.

Accepted Answer

A)  rRNA;mRNA
B)  30S;50S
C)  50S;30S
D)  mRNA;rRNA
E)  50S;mRNAF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

Translation at the ribosomes of eukaryotes is usually a much faster process than DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The correct order for the formation of the prokaryotic 70S initiation complex is:

Accepted Answer

A)  50S → IF-1,IF-2 → mRNA → fMet-tRNAfmet → 30S
B)  30S → IF-1,IF-3 → fMet-tRNAfmet → IF-2 → mRNA → 50S
C)  30S → IF-1,IF-3 → IF-2 → fMet-tRNAfmet → mRNA → 50S
D)  30S → IF-1,IF-2 → IF-3 → fMet-tRNAfmet → mRNA → 50SE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

The anticodon is found on the variable arm of tRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The net effect of all amino acid tRNA synthetases binding to a tRNA is to position the ________ of tRNA in the active site.

Accepted Answer

A)  3' end
B)  5' end
C)  anticodon
D)  D armE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Chaperone proteins help to fold newly translated proteins into correct configurations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which is true about proofreading activity during the synthesis of aminoacyl-tRNAs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proofreading is accomplished as an amino acid enters the active site of the enzyme.Incorrect amino acids are rejected before any reaction occurs.
B)  Proofreading occurs just after aminoacyl-adenylate formation.
C)  A separate cytosolic proofreading enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of incorrect aminoacyl-tRNAs.
D)  No proofreading activity is necessary due to the high level of specificity of all aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Unlike bacterial mRNA,eukaryotic mRNA must undergo ________ before it may be used for translation.

Accepted Answer

A)  splicing
B)  capping
C)  polyadenylation
D)  export to the cytoplasm
E)  All of the aboveF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

The EF-Tu-GTP complex recognizes fMet-tRNAfmet in bacteria but not in eukaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Arrange the events listed below in order according to the signal hypothesis:
I. Signal sequence binds to SRP
II. Translation stops
III. Translation starts
IV. Ribophorins anchor complex
V. SRP dissociates;GTP hydrolyzed
VI. SRP-signal complex binds to docking protein

Accepted Answer

A)  I → II → II → IV → V → VI
B)  I → III → VI → V → II → IV
C)  V → III → IV → VI → II → I
D)  I → II → VI → IV → III → VE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 13

What is the 5' → 3' anticodon for an amino acid with the codon CAG?

Accepted Answer

A)  GAC
B)  CUG
C)  GUC
D)  CTGE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

If the anticodon on tRNA is GTC (tyrosine) (5' → 3') ,the sequence of the 5' → 3' template strand of the gene in DNA that specifies this amino acid is

Accepted Answer

A)  AUG.
B)  TAC.
C)  GUC.
D)  CTG.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

An elongation factor EF-Ts serves mainly to

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolyze GTP.
B)  exchange GTP for GDP.
C)  eeliver the aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome.
D)  hydrolyze GDP.
E)  All of the above.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Different codons that specify the same amino acid are called ________ codons.

Accepted Answer

A)  synonymous
B)  repetitive
C)  variable
D)  multiplexE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Initiator tRNA - recognizes AUG codons during initiation at the P site.
B)  Shine-Dalgarno sequence - upstream of the initiator codon and plays a role in initiation.
C)  Anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequence - pyrimidine-rich stretch at the 3' end of 16S rRNA.
D)  Eukaryotic initiation factors - IF-1,IF-2,IF-3.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

The initiation codon ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  specifies uracil
B)  specifies methionine
C)  binds a protein complex that starts translation
D)  is part of the TATA boxE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Different tRNA molecules that bind the same amino acid are called ________ tRNA molecules.

Accepted Answer

A)  synonymous
B)  complementary
C)  homologous
D)  isoacceptorE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Exam 22: Protein Synthesis

Unlike bacterial mRNA,eukaryotic mRNA must undergo ________ before it may be used for translation.

Correct Answer
verified

What is the 5' → 3' anticodon for an amino acid with the codon CAG?

Correct Answer
verified

The EF-Tu-GTP complex recognizes fMet-tRNAfmet in bacteria but not in eukaryotic cells.

Correct Answer
verified

Different codons that specify the same amino acid are called ________ codons.

Correct Answer
verified

The initiation codon ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The anticodon is found on the variable arm of tRNA.

Correct Answer
verified

The deaminoacylated tRNA leaves the ribosome as the growing polypeptide passes through the tunnel of the large ribosomal subunit from the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Translation at the ribosomes of eukaryotes is usually a much faster process than DNA replication.

Correct Answer
verified

The correct order for the formation of the prokaryotic 70S initiation complex is:

Correct Answer
verified

An elongation factor EF-Ts serves mainly to

Correct Answer
verified

Chaperone proteins help to fold newly translated proteins into correct configurations.

Correct Answer
verified

Which is true about proofreading activity during the synthesis of aminoacyl-tRNAs?

Correct Answer
verified

Ribosomal protein synthesis is controlled by inhibitor proteins,the genes of which are located on the ribosomal protein operon,and which bind to when ribosome assembly slows and bind to when ribosome assembly is proceeding at a steady rate.

Correct Answer
verified

The net effect of all amino acid tRNA synthetases binding to a tRNA is to position the ________ of tRNA in the active site.

Correct Answer
verified

Arrange the events listed below in order according to the signal hypothesis: I. Signal sequence binds to SRP II. Translation stops III. Translation starts IV. Ribophorins anchor complex V. SRP dissociates;GTP hydrolyzed VI. SRP-signal complex binds to docking protein

Correct Answer
verified

The first amino acid incorporated into proteins ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is mismatched?

Correct Answer
verified

Different tRNA molecules that bind the same amino acid are called ________ tRNA molecules.

Correct Answer
verified

If the anticodon on tRNA is GTC (tyrosine) (5' → 3') ,the sequence of the 5' → 3' template strand of the gene in DNA that specifies this amino acid is

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 22: Protein Synthesis

Unlike bacterial mRNA,eukaryotic mRNA must undergo ________ before it may be used for translation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the 5' → 3' anticodon for an amino acid with the codon CAG?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The EF-Tu-GTP complex recognizes fMet-tRNAfmet in bacteria but not in eukaryotic cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Different codons that specify the same amino acid are called ________ codons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The initiation codon ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The anticodon is found on the variable arm of tRNA.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The deaminoacylated tRNA leaves the ribosome as the growing polypeptide passes through the tunnel of the large ribosomal subunit from the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Translation at the ribosomes of eukaryotes is usually a much faster process than DNA replication.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The correct order for the formation of the prokaryotic 70S initiation complex is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An elongation factor EF-Ts serves mainly to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chaperone proteins help to fold newly translated proteins into correct configurations.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is true about proofreading activity during the synthesis of aminoacyl-tRNAs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ribosomal protein synthesis is controlled by inhibitor proteins,the genes of which are located on the ribosomal protein operon,and which bind to ________ when ribosome assembly slows and bind to ________ when ribosome assembly is proceeding at a steady rate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The net effect of all amino acid tRNA synthetases binding to a tRNA is to position the ________ of tRNA in the active site.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Arrange the events listed below in order according to the signal hypothesis: I. Signal sequence binds to SRP II. Translation stops III. Translation starts IV. Ribophorins anchor complex V. SRP dissociates;GTP hydrolyzed VI. SRP-signal complex binds to docking protein

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first amino acid incorporated into proteins ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Different tRNA molecules that bind the same amino acid are called ________ tRNA molecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the anticodon on tRNA is GTC (tyrosine) (5' → 3') ,the sequence of the 5' → 3' template strand of the gene in DNA that specifies this amino acid is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Ribosomal protein synthesis is controlled by inhibitor proteins,the genes of which are located on the ribosomal protein operon,and which bind to when ribosome assembly slows and bind to when ribosome assembly is proceeding at a steady rate.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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