Question 1

Broad-spectrum drugs that disrupt the body's normal flora often cause

Accepted Answer

A)  nephrotoxicity.
B)  superinfections.
C)  allergic reactions.
D)  drug toxicity.
E)  All of these choices are correct.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

A superinfection results from

Accepted Answer

A)  build up of a drug to toxic levels in the patient.
B)  the wrong drug administered to the patient.
C)  an immune system reaction to the drug.
D)  decrease in most normal flora with overgrowth of an unaffected species.
E)  All of these choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 3

The major source of naturally-produced penicillin is the mold _____.

Accepted Answer

Penicilliu...

Question 4

Nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes in the intestines are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial...

Question 5

The drug that can cause aplastic anemia, and is used to treat typhoid fever and brain abscesses is

Accepted Answer

A)  chloramphenicol.
B)  clindamycin.
C)  ciprofloxacin.
D)  bacitracin.
E)  gentamicin.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

Important characteristics of antimicrobic drugs include

Accepted Answer

A)  readily delivered to the site of infection.
B)  high toxicity against microbial cells.
C)  do not cause serious side effects in humans.
D)  remains active in body tissues and fluids.
E)  All of these choices are correct.F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

When a patient's immune system reacts adversely to a drug, this serious side effect is called a superinfection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Why has the United States and Europe banned the use of human drugs in animal feeds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because it makes the animals grow too large.
B)  Because it causes infections in the cows and poultry fed them.
C)  Because it raises the price of the meat too high.
D)  Because it contributes to the growing drug resistance problem.
E)  All of these choices are correct.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

Sulfonamides

Accepted Answer

A)  interfere with elongation of peptidoglycan.
B)  are metabolic analogs of PABA and block folic acid synthesis.
C)  attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis.
D)  damage cell membranes.
E)  block peptidases that cross-link glycan molecules.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Antimicrobics effective against a wide variety of microbial types are termed

Accepted Answer

A)  antibiotics.
B)  narrow-spectrum drugs.
C)  semisynthetic drugs.
D)  synthetic drugs.
E)  broad-spectrum drugs.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 11

One of the greatest challenges in development of antivirals is finding drugs that are

Accepted Answer

A)  administered orally.
B)  absorbed by the GI tract.
C)  not likely to disrupt the normal microbiota of the patient.
D)  selectively toxic for viruses.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Which of these drugs is useful in treating infections by methicillin-resistant S.aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus?

Accepted Answer

A)  tetracycline
B)  isoniazid
C)  linezolid
D)  aminoglycosides
E)  cephalosporinsF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

The cellular basis for bacterial resistance to antimicrobics include

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial chromosomal mutations.
B)  synthesis of enzymes that alter drug structure.
C)  prevention of drug entry into the cell.
D)  alteration of drug receptors on cell targets.
E)  All of these choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

The most versatile and useful antifungal drug that is used to treat serious systemic fungal infections is

Accepted Answer

A)  nystatin.
B)  griseofulvin.
C)  amphotericin B.
D)  sulfa drugs.
E)  metronidazole.F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 15

An antimicrobic with a low therapeutic index is a safer choice compared to a drug with a high therapeutic index.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The MIC is the smallest concentration of an antimicrobic required to inhibit the growth of the microbe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Antimicrobics that are macrolides

Accepted Answer

A)  disrupt cell membrane function.
B)  include tetracyclines.
C)  include azithromycin, clarithromcyin, and erythromycin.
D)  are very narrow-spectrum drugs.
E)  are hepatotoxic.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

Ciprofloxacin is used to treat viral respiratory infections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which organ is responsible for metabolizing and detoxifying foreign chemicals in the blood, including drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)  liver
B)  kidneys
C)  gallbladder
D)  spleen
E)  stomachF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the following is not a mode of action of an antiviral?

Accepted Answer

A)  Block viral entry into a host cell
B)  Block transcription and translation
C)  Inhibit DNA synthesis
D)  Block maturation
E)  Bond to ergosterol in the cell membraneF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Exam 12: Drugs, Microbes, Host--The Elements of Chemotherapy

The cellular basis for bacterial resistance to antimicrobics include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a mode of action of an antiviral?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why has the United States and Europe banned the use of human drugs in animal feeds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major source of naturally-produced penicillin is the mold _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedPenicilliu...View AnswerShow Answer

Important characteristics of antimicrobic drugs include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these drugs is useful in treating infections by methicillin-resistant S.aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes in the intestines are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The drug that can cause aplastic anemia, and is used to treat typhoid fever and brain abscesses is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Broad-spectrum drugs that disrupt the body's normal flora often cause

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antimicrobics that are macrolides

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a patient's immune system reacts adversely to a drug, this serious side effect is called a superinfection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the greatest challenges in development of antivirals is finding drugs that are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organ is responsible for metabolizing and detoxifying foreign chemicals in the blood, including drugs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The MIC is the smallest concentration of an antimicrobic required to inhibit the growth of the microbe.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sulfonamides

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antimicrobics effective against a wide variety of microbial types are termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ciprofloxacin is used to treat viral respiratory infections.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most versatile and useful antifungal drug that is used to treat serious systemic fungal infections is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An antimicrobic with a low therapeutic index is a safer choice compared to a drug with a high therapeutic index.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A superinfection results from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Penicilliu...
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