A) The print revolution made the American Reformation possible.
B) It solidified distinctions between slaves and free people.
C) Printing allowed for the broad transmission of new ideas.
D) The revolution advanced the burgeoning cause of public education.
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A) The Dutch manorial system largely remained intact,with a few wealthy and powerful Dutch and English landlords dominating poor tenant families.
B) German and Scots-Irish immigrants,attracted by generous terms offered by Dutch families who did not want the land to be settled exclusively by migrating New Englanders,poured in.
C) Continuing troubles with the French and Indians to the north kept the valley sparsely populated until the eve of the American Revolution.
D) Migrants from overcrowded New England bid up the price of land so high that immigrant Germans and Scots-Irish could not afford to settle there.
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A) Scots-Irish
B) English
C) Germans
D) Dutch
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A) The Old Lights in Massachusetts and Connecticut called for a resurgence of emotion-based religious practices.
B) The Old Lights prohibited traveling preachers from speaking to a congregation without its minister's permission.
C) The New Lights condemned the Old Light practice of allowing women to speak in churches.
D) The New Lights condemned "crying out,fainting,and convulsions" as a medieval practice akin to superstition.
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A) Methodism
B) Presbyterianism
C) Regulatorism
D) Deism
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A) Women flocked to New England churches because they were regarded as equals there.
B) Women and men joined churches in equal numbers,but men dominated the leadership.
C) Church attendance was obligatory for everyone,but only men could obtain church membership.
D) Churches were filled primarily with women but led exclusively by men.
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A) The rental of property.To attract renters in New York's Hudson River Valley,Dutch and English manorial lords granted long leases,with the right to sell improvements - houses and barns,for example - to the next renter.
B) The ability of a family to keep a household solvent and independent and to pass that ability on to the next generation.
C) A principle in English law that placed wives under the protection and authority of their husbands,so that they did not have independent legal standing.
D) The system of exchanging goods and labor that helped eighteenth-century New England freeholders survive on ever-shrinking farms as available land became more scarce.
E) Someone who settles on land he or she does not own or rent.Many eighteenth-century settlers established themselves on land before it was surveyed and entered for sale,requesting the first right to purchase the land when sales began.
F) A common type of indentured servant in the Middle colonies in the eighteenth century.Unlike other indentured servants,these workers did not sign a contract before leaving Europe.Instead,they found employers after arriving in America.
G) An eighteenth-century philosophical movement that emphasized the use of reason to reevaluate previously accepted doctrines and traditions and the power of reason to understand and shape the world.
H) A Christian revival moment characterized by Bible study,the conversion experience,and the individual's personal relationship with God.It began as an effort to reform the German Lutheran Church in the mid-seventeenth century and became widely influential in Britain and its colonies in the eighteenth century.
I) The rights to life,liberty,and property.According to the English philosopher John Locke in Two Treatises of Government (1690) ,political authority was not given by God to monarchs.Instead,it derived from social compacts that people made to preserve these rights.
J) The Enlightenment-influenced belief that the Christian God created the universe and then left it to run according to natural laws.
K) A renewal of religious enthusiasm in a Christian congregation.In the eighteenth century,these spiritual renewals were often inspired by evangelical preachers who urged their listeners to experience a rebirth.
L) Conservative ministers opposed to the passion displayed by evangelical preachers;they preferred to emphasize the importance of cultivating a virtuous Christian life.
M) Evangelical preachers,many of them influenced by John Wesley,the founder of English Methodism,and George Whitefield,the charismatic itinerant preacher who brought his message to Britain's American colonies.They decried a Christian faith that was merely intellectual and emphasized the importance of a spiritual rebirth.
N) An increase in consumption in English manufactures in Britain and the British colonies fueled by the Industrial Revolution.Although this movement raised living standards,it landed many consumers - and the colonies as a whole - in debt.
O) Landowning protestors who organized in North and South Carolina in the 1760s and 1770s to demand that the eastern-controlled government provide western districts with more courts,fairer taxation,and greater representation in the assembly.
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A) Native Americans who were among the closest allies of the French.
B) British troops sent to North America after Braddock's defeat in 1755.
C) French settlers expelled by the British from Nova Scotia and deported to Louisiana.
D) Scots-Irish colonists who settled in Nova Scotia after the British expelled the French.
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A) Churches consolidated their power and exercised greater control over young adults' behavior.
B) Thousands of New England families migrated to Canada,where more land was available.
C) Farmers abandoned traditional grain crops and adopted livestock agriculture instead.
D) Colonial legislatures reformed inheritance laws and eliminated the "marriage portion."
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A) A Virginia planter
B) A Scots-Irish migrant
C) An urban artisan
D) A wealthy New York merchant
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A) These colonies produced most of the empire's wool and linens.
B) Their wheat crops made them the breadbasket of the Atlantic world.
C) They produced preserved meats to supply the massive British Navy.
D) Their large populations supplied the majority of soldiers for North American defense.
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A) People had natural rights such as life,liberty,and property.
B) Education corrupted humans' natural purposes and instincts.
C) Most people were not qualified to exercise any influence over politics.
D) Human nature was fundamentally acquisitive and competitive.
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A) Changes in women's status caused a declining birthrate.
B) British domination threatened the region's economy.
C) Puritan churches could no longer attract qualified ministers.
D) Population growth made freehold land scarce.
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A) A widow gained control over her late husband's estate and retained it even if she remarried.
B) When they married,women passed legal ownership of all personal property to their husbands.
C) Upon marriage,sons and daughters usually received equal shares of the family property.
D) Any land a woman owned before her marriage reverted to her ownership at her husband's death.
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