Question 1

Considering only the steps that take place during translation, which of the following is not needed in order for translation to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA template
B)   ribosomes
C)   tRNA
D)   sources of energy, including ATPE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Experiments have demonstrated that the "words" of the genetic code (the units that specify amino acids)  are

Accepted Answer

A)   single nucleotides.
B)   two-nucleotide sequences.
C)   three-nucleotide sequences.
D)   nucleotide sequences of various lengths.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 3

Bloom syndrome is a rare disease characterized by growth deficiencies, genomic instability, and the early development of cancers. The BLM gene encodes the BLM protein, which when mutated may result in Bloom syndrome.
-The BLM protein plays a role in separating DNA molecules during S phase. What molecular process does the BLM protein act on?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA replication
B)   transcription
C)   translationD) A) and B)
E) All of the above

Question 4

When a T2 bacteriophage infects an Escherichia coli cell, which part of the phage enters the bacterial cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

A)   the whole phage
B)   only the RNA
C)   only the DNA
D)   the protein "head" and its enclosed nucleic acidE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

-Examine the following two DNA sequences. Sequence 1: ATGCGATGCTAGCAT
Sequence 2: ATGCGATGATAGCAT
If both of these sequences code for proteins, how might the function of protein 2 differ from the function of protein 1? Use the genetic code shown for assistance.

Accepted Answer

A)   Protein 1 and protein 2 will function exactly the same.
B)   Protein 1 will be shorter than protein 2, so they will not function the same.
C)   Protein 2 will be shorter than protein 1, so they will not function the same.
D)   Protein 2 has a different sequence, so it will function differently from protein 1.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C) A

Question 6

The monomers of DNA and RNA are

Accepted Answer

A)   monosaccharides.
B)   nucleotides.
C)   fatty acids.
D)   nucleic acids.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Conjugation

Accepted Answer

A)   is the direct transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another.
B)   occurs when a bacterium acquires DNA from the surrounding environment.
C)   is the result of cell division.
D)   occurs when a phage transfers bacterial DNA from one bacterium to another.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a

Accepted Answer

A)   mutation.
B)   frameshift.
C)   base substitution.D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 9

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   Translation consists of initiation, elongation, and termination.
B)   During polypeptide initiation, an mRNA molecule, the first amino acid attached to its tRNA, and the two subunits of a ribosome are brought together.
C)   The start codon can be different depending on what kind of protein is to be translated.
D)   During the first step of initiation, an mRNA molecule binds to a small ribosomal subunit.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

HIV does the greatest damage to

Accepted Answer

A)   the adrenal glands.
B)   pancreatic cells.
C)   nervous tissue.
D)   white blood cells.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Why does a DNA strand grow only in the 5ʹ to 3ʹ direction?

Accepted Answer

A)   because DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the 3ʹ end of the growing molecule
B)   because DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the 5ʹ end of the growing molecule
C)   because the DNA molecule only unwinds in the 5ʹ to 3ʹ direction
D)   because DNA polymerase requires the addition of a starter nucleotide at the 5ʹ endE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the production of a strand of RNA from DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   RNA polymerase
B)   DNA ligase
C)   DNA polymerase
D)   reverse transcriptaseE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following statements about eukaryotic RNA is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Introns are not transcribed from DNA to RNA.
B)   Exons are spliced together.
C)   A small cap of extra nucleotides is added to both ends of the RNA.
D)   The modified RNA molecule is transported into the nucleus.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C) B

Question 14

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)  is a common cause of sudden death and heart failure. Many mutations can cause DCM, but several of them are linked to the protein troponin, which is an essential protein that helps regulate muscle contraction in the heart.
-The A159E mutation causes an A amino acid to be replaced with an E amino acid (their structures are shown here) . What effects do you think the A159E mutation will have on the troponin protein?

Accepted Answer

A)   The mutation will not affect troponin function since both the A and E amino acids are hydrophobic and thus the troponin structure will not be affected.
B)   The mutation will probably make troponin more stable at low pH and at higher temperatures since the E amino acid is acidic.
C)   Since the E amino acid is hydrophilic, it will try to be exposed on the surface of the protein and thus will disrupt the tertiary structure and potentially the function of troponin.
D)   If the A amino acid is replaced by the basic E amino acid, then the secondary and tertiary structures will be affected and troponin will likely not fold correctly.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C) C

Question 15

In the genetic code

Accepted Answer

A)   some codons specify more than one amino acid.
B)   some codons consist of two nucleotides.
C)   some amino acids are not specified by any codons.
D)   many amino acids are specified by more than one codon.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 16

A friend accidentally sends an email to you that contains a computer virus from his computer. Without knowing it, you infect your computer with the virus when you open the email. This process of spreading the computer virus via email is most like which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)   binary fission
B)   conjugation
C)   transduction
D)   transformationE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Consider the following sentence: "The dog did not eat." Which of the following variations of this sentence is most like a base substitution mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)   The dog did not et.
B)   The dog dog did not eat.
C)   The did dog not eat.
D)   The doe did not eat.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

What is the transcription product of the sequence GCTAGCGATGAC?

Accepted Answer

A)   CGTUCGCUTCUG
B)   CGAUCGCUACUG
C)   CAGTAGCGATCG
D)   CGUTCGCUTCUGE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

DNA replication

Accepted Answer

A)   occurs through the addition of nucleotides to the end of the parental DNA molecule.
B)   results in the formation of four new DNA strands.
C)   uses each strand of a DNA molecule as a template for the creation of a new strand.
D)   begins when two DNA molecules join together to exchange segments.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Which of the following options best depicts the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component?

Accepted Answer

A)   RNA → DNA → RNA → protein
B)   DNA → RNA → protein
C)   protein → RNA → DNA
D)   DNA → tRNA → mRNA → proteinE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Exam 10: Molecular Biology of the Gene

Considering only the steps that take place during translation, which of the following is not needed in order for translation to occur?

Correct Answer
verified

Experiments have demonstrated that the "words" of the genetic code (the units that specify amino acids) are

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

When a T2 bacteriophage infects an Escherichia coli cell, which part of the phage enters the bacterial cytoplasm?

Correct Answer
verified

-Examine the following two DNA sequences. Sequence 1: ATGCGATGCTAGCAT Sequence 2: ATGCGATGATAGCAT If both of these sequences code for proteins, how might the function of protein 2 differ from the function of protein 1? Use the genetic code shown for assistance.

Correct Answer
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A

The monomers of DNA and RNA are

Correct Answer
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Conjugation

Correct Answer
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Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is false?

Correct Answer
verified

HIV does the greatest damage to

Correct Answer
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Why does a DNA strand grow only in the 5ʹ to 3ʹ direction?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the production of a strand of RNA from DNA?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about eukaryotic RNA is true?

Correct Answer
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B

Correct Answer
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C

In the genetic code

Correct Answer
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A friend accidentally sends an email to you that contains a computer virus from his computer. Without knowing it, you infect your computer with the virus when you open the email. This process of spreading the computer virus via email is most like which of the following processes?

Correct Answer
verified

Consider the following sentence: "The dog did not eat." Which of the following variations of this sentence is most like a base substitution mutation?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the transcription product of the sequence GCTAGCGATGAC?

Correct Answer
verified

DNA replication

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following options best depicts the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 10: Molecular Biology of the Gene

Considering only the steps that take place during translation, which of the following is not needed in order for translation to occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experiments have demonstrated that the "words" of the genetic code (the units that specify amino acids) are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a T2 bacteriophage infects an Escherichia coli cell, which part of the phage enters the bacterial cytoplasm?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-Examine the following two DNA sequences. Sequence 1: ATGCGATGCTAGCAT Sequence 2: ATGCGATGATAGCAT If both of these sequences code for proteins, how might the function of protein 2 differ from the function of protein 1? Use the genetic code shown for assistance.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The monomers of DNA and RNA are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Conjugation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

HIV does the greatest damage to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why does a DNA strand grow only in the 5ʹ to 3ʹ direction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the production of a strand of RNA from DNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about eukaryotic RNA is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Correct AnswerverifiedC

In the genetic code

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A friend accidentally sends an email to you that contains a computer virus from his computer. Without knowing it, you infect your computer with the virus when you open the email. This process of spreading the computer virus via email is most like which of the following processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consider the following sentence: "The dog did not eat." Which of the following variations of this sentence is most like a base substitution mutation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the transcription product of the sequence GCTAGCGATGAC?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA replication

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following options best depicts the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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A

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B

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C

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